Republic of
Indonesia abbreviated RI or Indonesia is a country in Southeast Asia, which is
crossed by the equator and located between the continents of Asia and Australia
and between the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Indonesia is the world's largest
archipelago consisting of 13,487 islands, therefore it is also called Nusantara
("outer islands", in addition to Java, which is considered the
center).
With a
population of 222 million people in 2006, Indonesia is the fourth most populous
nation in the world and the most populous Muslim country in the world, although
it is not officially an Islamic state. Indonesia is a republic form of
government, the House of Representatives, Regional Representatives Council and
the president is elected directly. Jakarta is the country's capital. Indonesia
borders Malaysia on Borneo island, with Papua New Guinea on the island of Papua
and East Timor on the island of Timor. Other neighboring countries include
Singapore, Philippines, Australia, and the union territory Andaman and Nicobar
Islands in India.
Indonesia's history is heavily influenced by other nations. The Indonesian archipelago became an important trade region since at least the 7th century, when the kingdom of Sriwijaya in Palembang religion and trade relations with China and India. Hindu kingdoms and Buddhism has grown in the early centuries AD, followed by the traders who brought Islam, and various European powers fought one another to monopolize the spice trade of Maluku during the era of ocean exploration. Once under Dutch rule, Indonesia which was then called the Dutch East Indies declared independence at the end of World War II. Furthermore, Indonesia has received a variety of obstacles, threats and challenges from natural disasters, corruption, separatism, a democratization process, and periods of rapid economic change.
From Sabang to Merauke, Indonesia consists of distinct ethnic, linguistic and religious groups. The Javanese are the largest ethnic group and most politically dominant. Indonesia's national motto, "Unity in Diversity", articulates the diversity that shapes the country. Besides having a dense population and vast territory, Indonesia has a natural area that supports the level of biodiversity in the world's second largest.
Indonesia is also a member of the United Nations and the only member to ever come out of the UN, namely on January 7, 1965, and rejoined on the 28th September 1966 and remained declared Indonesia's 60th member, the same membership since joining Indonesia on 28 September 1950. In addition to the United Nations, Indonesia is also a member of the ASEAN, APEC, OIC, G-20 and will be a member of the OECD.
Indonesia's history is heavily influenced by other nations. The Indonesian archipelago became an important trade region since at least the 7th century, when the kingdom of Sriwijaya in Palembang religion and trade relations with China and India. Hindu kingdoms and Buddhism has grown in the early centuries AD, followed by the traders who brought Islam, and various European powers fought one another to monopolize the spice trade of Maluku during the era of ocean exploration. Once under Dutch rule, Indonesia which was then called the Dutch East Indies declared independence at the end of World War II. Furthermore, Indonesia has received a variety of obstacles, threats and challenges from natural disasters, corruption, separatism, a democratization process, and periods of rapid economic change.
From Sabang to Merauke, Indonesia consists of distinct ethnic, linguistic and religious groups. The Javanese are the largest ethnic group and most politically dominant. Indonesia's national motto, "Unity in Diversity", articulates the diversity that shapes the country. Besides having a dense population and vast territory, Indonesia has a natural area that supports the level of biodiversity in the world's second largest.
Indonesia is also a member of the United Nations and the only member to ever come out of the UN, namely on January 7, 1965, and rejoined on the 28th September 1966 and remained declared Indonesia's 60th member, the same membership since joining Indonesia on 28 September 1950. In addition to the United Nations, Indonesia is also a member of the ASEAN, APEC, OIC, G-20 and will be a member of the OECD.
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